PENGARUH WORK FAMILY CONFLICT, BEBAN KERJA, DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP STRES KERJA ( PADA KARYAWAN WANITA DI YAYASAN ZISWAF MASJID PELAJAR DI KOTA SEMARANG)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Karyawan wanita yang bekerja di lembaga sosial keagamaan seperti Yayasan ZISWAF Masjid Pelajar di Kota Semarang sering menghadapi tantangan dalam menyeimbangkan peran ganda antara pekerjaan dan tanggung jawab keluarga. Ketidakseimbangan ini dapat menyebabkan stres kerja yang berdampak negatif pada kesehatan mental dan kinerja. Selain itu, beban kerja yang berat serta kondisi lingkungan kerja yang kurang mendukung dapat meningkatkan tekanan yang dirasakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh work family conflict, beban kerja, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap stres kerja pada karyawan wanita di Yayasan ZISWAF Masjid Pelajar. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang paling mempengaruhi stres kerja serta memberikan rekomendasi terkait manajemen sumber daya manusia yang lebih efektif.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei, di mana data diperoleh melalui kuesioner dari 60 karyawan wanita Yayasan ZISWAF Masjid Pelajar. Analisis dilakukan dengan regresi linier berganda menggunakan SmartPLS 3.0. Outer model mengukur validitas dan reliabilitas melalui convergent validity, AVE, validitas diskriminan, dan composite reliability, sedangkan inner model mengevaluasi hubungan antar variabel dengan R² dan Q². Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan bootstrapping menggunakan path coefficient untuk menilai signifikansi hubungan berdasarkan nilai t-statistic dan p-value. Pendekatan ini dilakukan untuk memastikan analisis yang valid dan reliabel.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua indikator memiliki nilai composite reliability lebih dari 0,70, membuktikan bahwa instrumen penelitian reliabel. Validitas diskriminan diuji melalui cross loading, dengan nilai variabel lebih tinggi dibandingkan konstruk lain. Selain itu, nilai AVE lebih dari 0,50 dan validitas konvergen di atas 0,70, yang menegaskan model ini valid. Uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa Work Family Conflict berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja dengan t-statistic 2,895 (>1,96) dan p-value 0,004 (<0,05), sehingga semakin tinggi konflik pekerjaan-keluarga, semakin tinggi stres kerja pada karyawan wanita di Yayasan ZISWAF Masjid Pelajar, maka Ha1 diterima dan H₀1 ditolak. Sementara itu, beban kerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja karenan t-statistic 1,390 (<1,96) dan  p-value 0,165 (>0,05), sehingga Ha2 ditolak dan H₀2 diterima. Lingkungan kerja memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja dengan t-statistic 2,815 (>1,96) dan  p-value 0,005 (<0,05), sehingga Ha3 diterima dan H₀3 ditolak. Analisis R-Square menunjukkan bahwa 77,9% variasi stres kerja dijelaskan oleh variabel yang diteliti, sementara 22,1% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Predictive Relevance (Q²) sebesar 0,779 menegaskan model memiliki kemampuan prediktif yang baik. Kesimpulannya, Work Family Conflict dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja, sedangkan beban kerja tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan.

ABSTRAK

Female employees working in socio-religious institutions such as the ZISWAF Foundation of the Student Mosque in Semarang City often face challenges in balancing dual roles between work and family responsibilities. This imbalance can cause work stress that has a negative impact on mental health and performance. In addition, heavy workloads and less supportive work environment conditions can increase the pressure felt. This study aims to analyze the effect of work-family conflict, workload, and work environment on work stress in female employees at the ZISWAF Foundation of the Student Mosque. The main objective of this study is to identify the factors that most influence work stress and provide recommendations regarding more effective human resource management.

This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, where data were obtained through questionnaires from 60 female employees of the ZISWAF Foundation of the Student Mosque. The analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression using SmartPLS 3.0. The outer model measures validity and reliability through convergent validity, AVE, discriminant validity, and composite reliability, while the inner model evaluates the relationship between variables with R² and Q². Hypothesis testing was carried out by bootstrapping using the path coefficient to assess the significance of the relationship based on the t-statistic and p-value. This approach is carried out to ensure valid and reliable analysis.

The results showed that all indicators had composite reliability values of more than 0.70, proving that the research instrument was reliable. Discriminant validity was tested through cross loading, with variable values higher than other constructs. In addition, the AVE value was more than 0.50 and convergent validity was above 0.70, which confirmed that this model was valid. Hypothesis testing showed that Work Family Conflict had a significant effect on work stress with a t-statistic of 2.895 (> 1.96) and a p-value of 0.004 (<0.05), so that the higher the work-family conflict, the higher the work stress in female employees at the ZISWAF Yayasan Masjid Pelajar, then Ha1 was accepted and H₀1 was rejected. Meanwhile, workload did not have a significant effect on work stress because the t-statistic was 1.390 (<1.96) and the p-value was 0.165 (> 0.05), so Ha2 was rejected and H₀2 was accepted. The work environment has a significant effect on work stress with a t-statistic of 2.815 (>1.96) and a p-value of 0.005 (<0.05), so Ha3 is accepted and H₀3 is rejected. R-Square analysis shows that 77.9% of the variation in work stress is explained by the variables studied, while 22.1% is influenced by other factors. Predictive Relevance (Q²) of 0.779 confirms that the model has good predictive ability. In conclusion, Work Family Conflict and work environment have a significant effect on work stress, while workload does not have a significant effect.